eng Informing Science Institute ICAO Scientific Review: Analytics and Management Research (ceased publication) (AMR) 2019-03-12 1 001 015 3978 article Golnaz Rezai golnaz.rezai@concordia.ca Dennis Kira dkira@jmsb.concordia.ca Raafat George Saadé rsaade@jmsb.concordia.ca Aim/Purpose Despite growing interest and an incremental increase of published material on civil aviation, the bulk of existing research remains focused on topics related to operations and technical training. This significant shortage of literature on civil aviation management issues. This study addresses the shortage of aviation management research and encourages research work in this field. Context The aviation industry’s socio-economic impact at both the domestic and global level should not be underestimated or dismissed to the side-lines. As air transport demand grows at a faster rate than system capacity, an efficient and effective management of system capacities becomes essential to the operation and wellbeing of the future global air traffic system. Although research spanning the past three decades has made significant progress in the relevant research fields of air traffic flow management and airport capacity modeling, research on topics of air traffic management significantly lacks in methodological quality and rigor. Method This study examines published research on civil aviation management and groups the existing literature into five distinct journal categories. The purpose of this category breakdown is to investigate the lack of published material and research being conducted on civil aviation management. Contribution This paper highlights the current gap in literature, and calls on academics and industry professionals to take heed of the potential for investigating and conducting research on topics related to the aviation management sector. Findings The findings of this paper confirm that there is an incipient yet rapidly growing demand for creative, realistic and meaningful research to be conducted on aviation management. More importantly, it outlines how the aviation management industry has the potential to significantly contribute to the development of new business opportunities that are based on ICAO strategic objectives. Recommendations The onus is on scholars and industry professionals to address the existing gap in civil aviation management research and to recognize that the domain ties to advancing ICAO’s strategic goals. They should also recognize that aviation management is fundamental to the advancement of the aviation industry as a whole. http://www.informingscience.org/Publications/3978 Aviation management journal review research ICAO strategic goals. eng Informing Science Institute ICAO Scientific Review: Analytics and Management Research (ceased publication) (AMR) 2019-03-19 1 017 033 4266 article Kit Teng Phuah phuahkitteng@gmail.com Siti Intan Nurdiana Wong Abdullah sitiintan.abdullah@newinti.edu.my Bernard Jit Heng Lim bernard.lim@newinti.edu.my Aim/Purpose: In transport industry, production and consumption of services are inseparable. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine passenger perceived quality and satisfaction between Chinese airlines and Foreign airlines. Background: Increased wealth and prosperity across Asia has generated a massive increase in air travel. Marketers in airline industry have increasingly become more aware that their employees should be more sensitive towards social and cultural differences when having encounters with passengers from that region. Today, more than ever before, Foreign airlines are competing with Chinese airlines over the service quality provided in order to capture passenger satisfaction. China’s projected economic growth has raised the income of the middle class and contributed to an increase of the middle classes’ purchasing power and travelling ability. Methodology: In this study, the SERVQUAL and Gap Analysis methodologies are implemented to measure the quality of services and satisfaction provided by Chinese airlines and Foreign airlines. Descriptive analysis, reliability tests and multiple regression analysis were used to complete this study. The SERVQUAL model to measure service quality is composed of the following five dimensions: tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. This study examines the direct and indirect influence that the SERVQUAL five dimensions have on customer perceived service quality ratings and focuses on how they affect customer satisfaction within the context of airline services. A random sampling method was used in which 409 respondents were interviewed and asked to fill out a self-administered questionnaire. Contribution: The data collected could potentially be used by airline management boards to help develop new growth strategies and to deliver more efficient and appreciated services. Findings: Results of the multiple regression analysis indicate that factors such as reliability, assurance and airline employee responsiveness are more likely to influence Chinese passenger’s perceived service quality level and satisfaction of Chinese airlines. Whilst attributes such as responsiveness, tangible and empathy were found to have a greater effect on passenger perceived service quality level and satisfaction of other Foreign airlines. Recommendations for Practitioners: To prevent any uncertainty and insecurity, maintaining a great quality relationship with passengers will usually lower the passengers’ uncertainty and provide them with a sense of security. Therefore, establishing great relationships with customers has become a crucial factor for success. In addition, importance-performance analysis indicates that an airline should maintain amenities such as the provision of in-flight newspapers, magazines, availability of contingency accommodation; employees speed handling; and on-time departure or arrival. Recommendation for Researchers: Future studies could potentially focus on Chinese passengers traveling from other airports in China as this study covered the passengers from Shanghai and Beijing airports. http://www.informingscience.org/Publications/4266 Chinese airlines foreign airlines gap analysis study satisfaction service quality SERV-QUAL model full-service airlines eng Informing Science Institute ICAO Scientific Review: Analytics and Management Research (ceased publication) (AMR) 2019-03-25 1 035 042 4276 article Behzad Taghipour btaghipour@icao.int Sainarayan Ananthanarayan asainarayan@icao.int Aim/Purpose: The aim of this article is how to improve the profitability and to reduce risk in airline industry by applying variance analysis. Background: Airline industry unveiled a serious number of practices to shape rich and personalized passenger experiences and to create new ways to drive profitability. However, due to economic challenges, the risk of fluctuating profitability must be better understood by the firm to formulate a better strategy. Methodology: This article examines how a systematic data collection process and supporting variance analysis will facilitate decision-making and help make an airline more competitive. Variance analysis takes on a myriad of forms ranging from simple to complex, however its basic definition is simple – compare actual revenue or costs with budgeted or like period figures to establish variances. Contribution: This article contributes on how a systematic data collection process and supporting variance analysis will facilitate decision-making and help make an airline more competitive. Findings: Variance analysis is a good platform to keep track of exchange variances and manage exchange-related risks. While all airlines, irrespective of their size, practice some form of revenue analysis, the level of detail and investments in technology required will depend on the size of the airline and the transaction complexities it faces in its daily operations. Recommendations for Practitioners: A well planned and relevant variance analysis could enhance the competitiveness and profitability of the airline in these times of excess capacity, pressure on yields and sky-rocketing costs. Recommendation for Researchers: More research is needed to identify effective ways of creating efficiencies which serve the ICAO Performance Based Navigation (PBN). Future Research: Further research could determine the impact of operation fluctuations on revenues and costs. http://www.informingscience.org/Publications/4276 Improve profitability risk reduction airline industry variance analysis eng Informing Science Institute ICAO Scientific Review: Analytics and Management Research (ceased publication) (AMR) 2019-03-29 1 043 052 4249 article Sara Zorro saramzorro@gmail.com Jorge Miguel dos R Silva jmrs@ubi.pt Luís Patrão luispatrao@fcsaude.ubi.pt Aim/Purpose: The general objective of this study is to analyze the relation between flight parameters and cerebral oximetry of the pilot during different flight situations. Background: Ultralight aviation pilots are exposed to different environmental situations due to the non-pressurized and non-acclimatized nature of the aircraft cabin. In a flying aircraft, any factor responsible for decreased mental function can result in errors that might threaten the life of the pilot, the passengers onboard and the people on the ground. Hypoxia can be one of those debilitating factors. Methodology: We used a developed survey to analyze specific questions about the hypoxia experiences of pilots and how a physiological monitoring system would be relevant to improving flight safety. Simultaneously, a portable and ergonomic monitoring system was built by the authors and tested on real flight environment. The statistic results show that hypoxia is a concerning situation. Contribution: Hypoxia is a serious condition for passengers flying in pressurized aircraft cabins and also for passengers who fly below 3,048 meters in unpressurized aircraft cabins. The results analysis proved that although most of the respondents reported no hypoxia symptoms, the majority of pilots found the physiological monitoring system useful and affirmed a willingness to use it. Providing education about early detection of hypoxia symptoms and how to react was considered crucial for most of the respondents, with only a few exceptions disagreeing on its importance. Comparing the altitude with the cerebral oximetry, we observed that a minimum mean value of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2 ) did not occur when the maximum altitude was reached as was expected; instead, it only occurred after a few seconds at a lower altitude. Findings: Generally, most of the participating pilots agreed that there is a need for hypoxia education and training for unpressurized aircraft because the existing level of training is not extensive enough. The analyzed experimental flight was a smooth flight. The minimum mean value of regional cerebral oxygen saturation did not occur when the maximum altitude was reached, as it was expected. Recommendations for Practitioners: Hypobaric chamber and flight simulator tests should be realized to analyze the psychophysiological behavior of the pilots when facing stressful situations. Additional flight tests must be done and more physiological parameters should be studied such as heart rate, temperature, sweat, fatigue and cognition. Recommendation for Researchers: Further research is necessary with the larger sample size, especially the light aviation pilots. http://www.informingscience.org/Publications/4249 Ultralight Aviation Hypoxia Physiological Parameters Monitoring System. eng Informing Science Institute ICAO Scientific Review: Analytics and Management Research (ceased publication) (AMR) 2019-06-21 1 053 068 4382 article Rajeswari P RAJAGOPALAN rajeswarirajagopalan@gmail.com Rahul Krishna rkrishna12345@gmail.com Aim/Purpose: This study analyzes the scope of the regulations developed by India’s administration with regards to civilian and commercial usage of drones. It also addresses the proposed mechanism to implement the regulations. The paper addresses two noteworthy questions that need to be answered. The first being whether regulatory measures are essential for the establishment of the operation of drones and secondly, to address questions of privacy and the conflict of trespass. Background: The use of drones for a variety of applications in civil, commercial and military domains has become common. Nonetheless, the policies and regulations that are required to ensure safe and secure drone operations are struggling to keep apace of drone technological developments. The Indian administration in December of 2018 released a policy that legalized the operation of drones by civilians. Methodology: The policy released by the Indian civil aviation administration, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) is analyzed along with the announced implementation plan to introduce these policy changes by the administration. The authors raise important questions related to issues of trespass and incursions of privacy because both subjects need more attention under the newly suggested policy. Intrusions by UAVs are divided into two categories, those committed by civilians and those committed by the government. The authors analyze India’s legislation on privacy which may be applied to UAVs and study the gaps in the regulations. The authors attempt to propose alternative solutions to address these issues. Contribution: The article contributes to existing literature on the subject of drones and outlines the evolution of India’s policy highlighting areas and making suggestions for improvement. The article also contributes to the global governance debates on UAVs, including those led by ICAO identifying some of the issues faced by emerging players in developing economies trying to harness the potential of drones. Findings: The study proposes several best practices for operators to avoid privacy centric conflicts while operating drones. The study asserts that the data collection processes by UAVs should be guided by the principles enshrined in data protection laws such as the laws of the General Data Protection Regulations of the EU. The study takes stock of the different positions of countries in respect to drone policies. The study also explores opportunities for cooperation in the governance of drones and for India’s potential to assume a more prominent role as a leading regulator in the global effort to address global imperatives. Recommendations for Practitioners: On the domestic front, the study argues that India needs to assume a leading role and create a set of best practices for drone operators that address issues of privacy and trespass as well as provide a framework to limit the usage of drones for government surveillance. On a global level, the authors argue that India can contribute to the creation of global rules of the road for UAVs and work with other nations towards the standardization of requirements and their enforcement. Recommendation for Researchers: Given the technological advancements, use of drones for commercial and other developmental agenda will become a reality. Researchers will need to push for more policy debates on use of drones. http://www.informingscience.org/Publications/4382 Drone Regulations Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) Remotely Piloted Aircrafts (RPAs) Commercial Drones and Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) eng Informing Science Institute ICAO Scientific Review: Analytics and Management Research (ceased publication) (AMR) 2019-06-28 1 069 114 4023 article Jan Malawko jmalawko@icm.edu.pl Sainarayan Ananthanarayan asainarayan@icao.int Behzad Taghipour btaghipour@icao.int Dominika Tkaczyk d.tkaczyk@icm.edu.pl Aim/Purpose: The global air transport industry has experienced an exponential increase of passenger demand over the last few decades. Despite the occurrence of this increase, the size of aircraft has not seen significant change over time. This study aims to describe and explain this phenomenon by categorizing aircraft into different segments based on seating capacity. Background: Airline industry unveiled a serious number of practices to shape rich and personalized As the number of passengers and the volume of traffic increases, the aviation industry is expected to provide a larger capacity. Our research demonstrates that the choices relating to aircraft size and passenger capacity are mainly associated with the flown distance. Methodology: This study gives insight to three different perspectives based on the aircraft capacity from a technological, economical and an operational level. There are ten segments by which capacity, distance, load factor and routes are measured and discussed. Contribution: Most studies on aircraft size and capacity mainly focus on airlines or airport operation systems in the domestic or duopoly market. This study shows how aircraft routes and size are made by means of long-term level strategic decision as opposed to short-term operational decision. Findings: The findings of this paper confirm that aircraft capacity is positively correlated with travel distance. As expected, market size and route distance have a positive effect on aircraft size and are considered as the main factors to assign aircraft of specific capacities and size to certain routes. Recommendations for Practitioners: Based on the analysis carried out as a result of this study it is possible to determine the optimal parameters for the use of the modern fleet of passenger planes. It covers the fleet data of international and domestic scheduled airlines. The data consist of statistics on the number and types of aircraft operated, their capacity and their utilization associated to the global scale spectrum of airport pairs. That is why “No Country Left Behind” initiative is specifically supported with this project. Recommendation for Researchers: As the aviation market expands and demand for travel continues to grow, it is important to consider aircraft size and capacity in the planning process and when formulating the strategy of meeting future demand. http://www.informingscience.org/Publications/4023 Air transport aircraft size distance passenger fleet eng Informing Science Institute ICAO Scientific Review: Analytics and Management Research (ceased publication) (AMR) 2019-07-08 1 115 126 4390 article Emmy Arsonval Maniriho maniarsonval@gmail.com Aim/Purpose: Today, within the airport and airline industry, characteristics and variables that opera-tors must take into account when planning and running airports are very critical. Therefore, they have to be seriously considered as paramount to ensuring the process of planning and design of airports. Background: Considering the characteristics and variables that airport operators are required to pay attention to is a significantly improved approach that accounts for the rapid changes in the effective operations of airlines and airports. The present paper is fully focused to reflect the latest characteristics and variables to take into account in the course of planning and running an airport. The study offers a comprehensive coverage of the challenging aviation industry and reviews and discusses factors that affect airport operating and runway capacity, delays, apron layout, gate, taxiway and other aspects of passenger terminal planning ranging from airport access to the number of gates affected by aircraft size and capacity. The paper also shed light on clearances or the procedures where travelers pass through immigration and accustoms before boarding an aircraft, air traffic controls and aids. Methodology: The methodological approaches used in this paper are based on best evidence and a narrative review. Selected studies were compared and summarized based on the author’s experience and published work. A focus on selected studies is combined with systematic methods of study-selection and analytical exploration. Contribution: The present paper clearly articulates characteristics and variables that operators must take into account when planning and running airports. It provides thorough knowledge to all direct aviation stakeholders and specifically to operators on how to achieve success in the field of air transport. Findings: Further research is recommended to carry out a deep research to continue exploring the relationship between aviation safety and security vis-à-vis the characteristics and variables that operators must pay attention to when planning and running airports. Recommendations for Practitioners: The author recommends for operators and airport planners to take into account the essential characteristics and variables when planning and running airports. It is important to provide readers with the skills that are research-based from both the fields of airline and airport management in order to meet the demands of dynamic aviation industry. . Recommendation for Researchers: Other researchers are recommended to carry a deep research to find out the relationship between aviation safety and security vis-à-vis the characteristics and variables that operators must take into account when planning and running airports. http://www.informingscience.org/Publications/4390 Characteristics variables operator planning and airports airport operating capacity taxiways and runways